Thursday, October 14, 2021

Amateka: Ku ya 14 Ukwakira 1999, urupfu rwa Julius Kambarage Nyerere.

Kuri uwo munsi, Afurika yatakaje umwe mu bayobozi bakomeye mu mateka yarwo yitwaga "Mwalimu" (Umwigisha). Julius Kambarage Nyerere wahoze ari Perezida wa Repubulika yunze ubumwe ya Tanzaniya, yavukiye i Butiama (mu majyaruguru ya Tanzaniya, hafi y’ikiyaga cya Victoria) muri Mata 1922. Yize i Edinburgh, mbere yo gusubira mu rugo no gushinga, mu 1954, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’igihugu cya Tanganyika. (Tanganyika African National Union mu mpine TANU). Binyuze mu bushobozi bwayo bwo gukangurira abaturage bose b’igihugu mu rugamba rw’amahoro rwo guharanira ubwigenge (1954-1961), byatumye Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Afurika ya Tanganyika uba ingufu za politiki zitavuguruzwa.

Mu 1960, ishyaka rye ryatsinze amatora maze aba Minisitiri w’intebe icyo gihe, aba Perezida wa mbere igihe Repubulika yashingwa mu 1962. Nyerere yari gutegeka Tanzaniya kugeza mu 1985, igihe yiyemeza kuva ku butegetsi bwa Repubulika. Repubulika. Yari umwe mu ba perezida ba mbere ba Afurika bavuye ku butegetsi kandi bagaharanira demokarasi igihugu cye, mbere cyane yuko Urukuta rwa Berlin rugwa n'umuyaga wa Perestroika.

Tuzamwibuka ko atigeze areka kurwanya itandukaniro rishingiye ku moko y'igihugu cye, icyorezo nyacyo cy'ubumwe bwa Afurika. Yagiye ahura n’imiryango y'amoko atandukanye, kugira ngo atange amahoro kandi ateze imbere politiki y’abasosiyalisiti yasobanuye mu 1967 mu itangazo cg imbwirwaruhame rya Arusha.

Nyerere rero yashyizeho urufatiro rwa societe ishingiye ku bwigenge bw’ubukungu n’ubufatanye hagati y’abantu, "Ujamaa". Yatangije amashuri y’agahato, atangaza Igiswahiri ururimi rwemewe, imishinga y’igihugu kandi ishishikarizwa guhuza imirimo rusange mu iterambere ry’ubuhinzi.

Nubwo bitari byoroshye, Nyerere nyamara yashoboye kubaka indangakamere nyayo ya Tanzaniya. Abifashwamo n'Ubushinwa bwatanze inkunga kuri uyu munya Pan-Africanist, wari wizeye gushimangira ibitekerezo bye muri Afurika y'Iburasirazuba.

Ku ngoma ye, yagize kandi uruhare runini mu gushyigikira imitwe ya politiki mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika. Amashyirahamwe nka ANC, ZANU, SWAPO, FRELIMO, PRP (na Laurent Désiré Kabila) hamwe n’impinduramatwara nka Ernesto Che Guevara wo muri Arijantine yakiriwe kandi ashyigikirwa iwe.

Ugushyingo 1985, Nyerere yavuye mu buzima bwa politiki nyuma y’imyaka 24 ku butegetsi. Kandi mu 1990, yavuye ku mwanya wa perezida w'ishyaka yashinze (kuva mu 1977 ryahindutse "Chama Cha Mapinduzi" cyangwa "Ishyaka rya Revolution"). Ku ya 14 Ukwakira 1999, yapfiriye i Londres.

Source: http://www.babunga.alobi.cd/

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